Game Programming Class6
Contents
Portability
Separation of Concerns
- https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee658124.aspx
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_concerns
Single Responsibility Principle
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_responsibility_principle
- http://www.butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.PrinciplesOfOod
PacMan Class Simplified and Generalized
<csharp> public enum PacManState { Spawning, Still, Chomping, SuperPacMan }
public class PacMan
{
protected PacManState _state;
public PacManState State
{
get { return _state; }
set
{
if (_state != value)
{
this.Log(string.Format("{0} was: {1} now {2}", this.ToString(), _state, value));
_state = value;
}
}
}
public PacMan()
{
//Set default state will call notify so make sure this.Ghosts is intitialized first
this.State = PacManState.Still;
}
//Extra method for logging state change
public virtual void Log(string s)
{
//nothing
Console.WriteLine(s);
}
}
</csharp>
MovementController in Monogame
In MonogameDemos Project is IntroPacManMovementController
file is PacManController.cs
<csharp> sealed class PacManController
{
InputHandler input; //game service to handle input
public Vector2 Direction {get; private set;}
public float Rotate { get; private set;}
//Checks to see if there is anymovement
public bool hasInputForMoverment
{
get
{
if (Direction.Length() == 0) return false;
return true;
}
}
public PacManController(Game game)
{
//get input handler from game services
input = (InputHandler)game.Services.GetService<IInputHandler>();
if (input == null)
{
throw new Exception("PacMan controller depends on InputHandler service please add Input Handler as a service first");
}
}
public void Update()
{
//Input for update from analog stick
GamePadState gamePad1State = input.GamePads[0]; //HACK hard coded player index
#region LeftStick
Vector2 pacStickDir = Vector2.Zero;
if (gamePad1State.ThumbSticks.Left.Length() > 0.0f)
{
pacStickDir = gamePad1State.ThumbSticks.Left;
pacStickDir.Y *= -1; //Invert Y Axis
float RotationAngle = (float)Math.Atan2(
gamePad1State.ThumbSticks.Left.X,
gamePad1State.ThumbSticks.Left.Y);
Rotate = (float)MathHelper.ToDegrees(RotationAngle - (float)(Math.PI / 2));
}
#endregion
//Update for input from DPad
#region DPad
Vector2 PacManDPadDir = Vector2.Zero;
if (gamePad1State.DPad.Left == ButtonState.Pressed)
{
//Orginal Position is Right so flip X
PacManDPadDir += new Vector2(-1, 0);
}
if (gamePad1State.DPad.Right == ButtonState.Pressed)
{
//Original Position is Right
PacManDPadDir += new Vector2(1, 0);
}
if (gamePad1State.DPad.Up == ButtonState.Pressed)
{
//Up
PacManDPadDir += new Vector2(0, -1);
}
if (gamePad1State.DPad.Down == ButtonState.Pressed)
{
//Down
PacManDPadDir += new Vector2(0, 1);
}
if (PacManDPadDir.Length() > 0)
{
//Angle in radians from vector
float RotationAngleKey = (float)Math.Atan2(
PacManDPadDir.X,
PacManDPadDir.Y * -1);
//Find angle in degrees
Rotate = (float)MathHelper.ToDegrees(
RotationAngleKey - (float)(Math.PI / 2)); //rotated right already
//Normalize NewDir to keep agled movement at same speed as horilontal/Vert
PacManDPadDir = Vector2.Normalize(PacManDPadDir);
}
#endregion
//Update for input from Keyboard
- if !XBOX360
#region KeyBoard
KeyboardState keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState();
Vector2 PacManKeyDir = new Vector2(0, 0);
if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))
{
//Flip Horizontal
PacManKeyDir += new Vector2(-1, 0);
}
if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right))
{
//No new sprite Effects
PacManKeyDir += new Vector2(1, 0);
}
if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up))
{
PacManKeyDir += new Vector2(0, -1);
}
if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down))
{
PacManKeyDir += new Vector2(0, 1);
}
if (PacManKeyDir.Length() > 0)
{
float RotationAngleKey = (float)Math.Atan2(
PacManKeyDir.X,
PacManKeyDir.Y * -1);
Rotate = (float)MathHelper.ToDegrees(
RotationAngleKey - (float)(Math.PI / 2));
//Normalize NewDir to keep agled movement at same speed as horilontal/Vert
PacManKeyDir = Vector2.Normalize(PacManKeyDir);
}
#endregion
- endif
Direction= PacManKeyDir + PacManDPadDir + pacStickDir;
if (Direction.Length() > 0)
{
Direction = Vector2.Normalize(Direction);
}
}
}
</csharp>
GameConsolePacMan.cs //hadles logging <csharp> class GameConsolePacMan : PacMan
{
GameConsole console;
public GameConsolePacMan()
{
this.console = null;
}
public GameConsolePacMan(GameConsole console)
{
this.console = console;
}
public override void Log(string s)
{
if (console != null)
{
console.GameConsoleWrite(s);
}
else
{
base.Log(s);
}
}
}
</csharp>
MonoGamePacMan.cs <csharp> class MonoGamePacMan : IntroGameLibrary.Sprite2.DrawableSprite2
{
internal PacManController controller { get; private set; }
internal GameConsolePacMan PacMan
{
get;
private set;
}
protected PacManState pacState;
public PacManState PacState
{
get { return this.pacState; }
//Change pacman state also
set {
if(this.pacState != value)
this.pacState = this.PacMan.State = value;
}
}
public MonoGamePacMan(Game game)
: base(game)
{
this.controller = new PacManController(game);
PacMan = new GameConsolePacMan((GameConsole)game.Services.GetService<IGameConsole>());
}
protected override void LoadContent()
{
base.LoadContent();
this.SpriteTexture = content.Load<Texture2D>("PacManSingle");
this.Orgin = new Vector2(this.SpriteTexture.Width / 2, this.SpriteTexture.Height / 2);
this.Location = new Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Vector2(100, 100);
this.Speed = 200;
}
public override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
{
//Elapsed time since last update
float time = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds;
this.controller.Update();
this.Location += ((this.controller.Direction * (time / 1000)) * Speed); //Simple Move
this.Rotate = this.controller.Rotate;
//Change State based on movement
if (this.controller.hasInputForMoverment)
{
if(pacState != PacManState.Spawning && pacState != PacManState.SuperPacMan)
this.PacState = PacManState.Chomping;
}
else
{
if (pacState != PacManState.Spawning && pacState != PacManState.SuperPacMan)
this.PacState = PacManState.Still;
}
//Keep PacMan On Screen
if (this.Location.X > Game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - (this.spriteTexture.Width / 2))
{
this.Location.X = Game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - (this.spriteTexture.Width / 2);
}
if (this.Location.X < (this.spriteTexture.Width / 2))
this.Location.X = (this.spriteTexture.Width / 2);
if (this.Location.Y > Game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - (this.spriteTexture.Height / 2))
this.Location.Y = Game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - (this.spriteTexture.Height / 2);
if (this.Location.Y < (this.spriteTexture.Height / 2))
this.Location.Y = (this.spriteTexture.Height / 2);
base.Update(gameTime);
}
}
</csharp>
MovementController in Unity
Unity Project is GameProgrammingUnity
Package is PacManWithFood.unitypackage
script is PlayerController.cs <csharp>
public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour {
public Vector2 direction = new Vector2();
private Vector2 keyDirection; private Vector2 padDirection;
public bool hasInputForMoverment { get {
//Debug.Log(direction.sqrMagnitude);
if (direction.magnitude == 0) return false;
return true;} }
public PlayerController()
{
keyDirection = new Vector2();
}
// Use this for initialization void Start () {
}
// Update is called once per frame void Update () {
keyDirection.x = keyDirection.y = 0;
//Keyboard
if (Input.GetKey("right"))
{
keyDirection.x += 1;
}
if (Input.GetKey ("left")) {
keyDirection.x += -1;
}
if (Input.GetKey("up"))
{
keyDirection.y += 1;
}
if (Input.GetKey ("down")) {
keyDirection.y += -1;
}
direction = keyDirection;
//Gamepad
padDirection.x = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
padDirection.y = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
if (padDirection.magnitude > 0)
{
//Debug.Log(padDirection + " " + padDirection.magnitude + " " + (padDirection.magnitude > 0));
direction += padDirection;
}
//normalize
direction.Normalize();
} } </csharp>
UnityPacMan.cs //Hadles logging <csharp> public class UnityPacMan : PacMan {
private GameObject _gameObject;
public UnityPacMan(GameObject g) : base()
{
_gameObject = g;
}
public override void Log(string s)
{
Debug.Log(s);
}
} </csharp>
Player.cs
<csharp>
public class Player : MonoBehaviour {
private PlayerController controller; public Vector2 Direction = new Vector2(1, 0); public float Speed = 10; public float Angle;
public UnityPacMan PacMan { get; private set; }
private Vector3 moveTranslation; // Use this for initialization
void Start () {
//Get PlayerController from game object
controller = GetComponent<PlayerController>(); //Log error if controller is null will throw null refernece exception eventually if (controller == null) { Debug.LogWarning( "GetComponent of type " + typeof( PlayerController ) + " failed on " + this.name, this ); }
//or //Util.GetComponentIfNull<PlayerController> (this, ref controller);
PacMan = new UnityPacMan(this.gameObject);
}
// Update is called once per frame void Update () {
if (this.controller.hasInputForMoverment)
{
this.Direction = this.controller.direction; Angle = Mathf.Atan2 (this.Direction.y, this.Direction.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg; this.transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3 (0, 0, Angle);
if (this.PacMan.State != PacManState.SuperPacMan)
{
this.PacMan.State = PacManState.Chomping;
}
} else { this.Direction = new Vector2(0,0);
if (this.PacMan.State != PacManState.SuperPacMan)
{
this.PacMan.State = PacManState.Still;
}
}
this.moveTranslation = new Vector3(this.Direction.x, this.Direction.y) * Time.deltaTime * this.Speed; this.transform.position += new Vector3(this.moveTranslation.x, this.moveTranslation.y);
}
public virtual void PowerUp()
{
this.PacMan.State = PacManState.SuperPacMan;
this.StartCoroutine("PowerUpTimer");
}
IEnumerator PowerUpTimer()
{
this.PacMan.Notify("SuperPacMan");
yield return new WaitForSeconds(3);
this.PacMan.State = PacManState.Still;
this.PacMan.Notify("SuperPacMan End");
}
} </csharp>
Simple Animation
what extra fields do we need for animation?
http://create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/sprite_sheet
Platformer Example
Show platformer starter kit
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd254918(v=xnagamestudio.31).aspx
simple and elegant but not that flexible
Animation Classes
Way too many classes for me to type here
- PacMan States
- PacMan Dying Animation
- PacMan Eating
IntroAnimation Project IntroAnimation.zip
Complicated but flexible
- DrawableAnimatableSprite.cs
- CelAnimationManager.cs
Homework
- InputControllerMonogame
Update your movement project in MonoGame to have good separation of concern and use an input class with an input controller.
Use the IntroGameLibrary if you like to quickly make drawable sprites
- InputControllerUnity
Make a similar project to you MonoGame InputController.
Use an Input controller class in Unity to control the sprite. Reuse as much code as possible from the Monogame InputContorller
